Theory X and Theory Y

Its now time study the behaviour of the human minds. As matter of fact studying the human minds and their behaviour is also one of the important factor of Organization Management. This is so true because there are many people of different mind set and behaviour are working together to achieve an objective and hence it becomes very necessary for the managers of the organizations to coordinate and correlate their work so that best of them can be extracted. On the other hand sometime we do get some manager who do not understands their employees and as a results they tends to harm the organization structure.

In regards to the behaviour of the manager and behaviour of employees there is Theory X and Theory Y.
Douglas McGregor, an American social psychologist, proposed his famous X-Y theory in his 1960 book
'The Human Side Of Enterprise'. Theory x and theory y are still referred to commonly in the field of management and motivation. McGregor's XY Theory remains central to organizational development, and to improving organizational culture.

Theory X : It states that the managers is very is pessimistic about his employees and thinks that the people working under them are lazy and avoids work provided they get a chance. So, there is only one way to make people work , that  is by the use of power and by threatening them. Manager of type X , do not take part in the work of their employees. This theory not only proves to be counterproductive in terms of the work done, but also it creates a bad work culture inside the firm and the employees.

Theory Y : It states that manager is very optimistic about his employees and so he thinks that the employees are very active and ambitious in the organization. According to the Y manager most people want to do well and excel at the work. Managers of type Y , also work equally with the employees, analyses the problem and motivates them  to work accordingly.

So, this creates four type of situations in the organization.

 

Situation 1 : In this situation Manager is of type X i.e. lazy and pessimistic and the employees are also lazy. This means that employees are lazy and managers are also lazy. This type of situation is very harmful for the organization. There is very little scope for the growth of organization and Manager can be held responsible for not creating a pleasant atmosphere to work , thus decreasing the work efficiency and effectiveness both.

 Situation 2 : In this situation manager is of type X i.e. lazy and pessimistic but the employees are self motivated, active and loyal to their work. Manager thinks that his employees do not carry out the work efficiently and effectively and thus hampers the work culture of the organization. Here the manager is solely responsible for the failure, as the work of the hardworking and self-motivated employees will be wasted because of the poor judgement of the Manager.Consequently, the hard-working employees will loose their interest in work.


Situation 3 : In this situation Manager is very optimistic about his employees . But on the other hand employees are lazy. Manager always tries to motivates his employees to work and tries to extract best out of them. Manager have faith on his employees and there is lot of responsibility on the manager. Manager tries to create a constructive environment inside the organization so that efficiency and effectiveness can be achieved.

Situation 4 : In this situation Manager is very optimistic about his employees and actually employees are also very active, hardworking and loyal to their work. This is the ideal and best situation that a organization can have. It will have maximum amount of  efficiency and effectiveness and thus it will be the organization of excellence!!!


Overall, We can deduce that it is totally dependent on the manager to drives the organization towards excellence no matter how the employees are.
 
Though a hopeful manger get the lazy employees, he can motivate them , convince them and  work with them along to push the organization towards excellence. Where as the pessimistic manager will always hamper the work culture of the organization , no matter what sort of employees he get and thus decreasing the excellence of organization.